Dictionary

ad-hoc network: A peer-to-peer network between wireless computers that does not have an access point between them.

adipocytes: Cells responsible for the storage of fat.

adipose tissue: Tissue comprised of fat cells that provides energy and also adds insulation and cushioning for the body and its organs.

aerobic exercise: Weight loss and maintenance exercises that generally involve routines of longer duration such as bicycling, walking or jogging that keep the heart rate elevated, but without the highest rate of physical exertion, thus providing the body a good source of oxygen.

Allen Carr method: A psychological system with relatively high success rates for quitting smoking and beating withdrawal symptoms developed by former-smoker Allen Carr.

allocation: A financial planning term used to describe what percentage of a person’s income is used for a given purpose.

anaerobic exercise: This is exercise that requires short bursts of activity, including weight lifting and other resistance routines, and expends energy followed by a slow-down period that acts to reduce oxygen supply to the body.

anti-hijack system: An electronic system fitted to motor vehicles to deter criminals from hijacking them.

anti-oxidants: Chemicals found in fruits and vegetables which are believed to boost immunity and prevent disease.

ARM: Adjustable Rate Mortgage; a mortgage with an interest rate that may change after a set period of time.

Atkins diet: A low-carbohydrate diet developed by Dr. Robert Atkins which is controversial in its allowances for the intake of fat.

authentication: Any type of validation that the owner of a card or phone is the person he or she claims to be.

barbeque: A gas or charcoal-powered method of cooking which takes place outdoors, preventing excess heat inside the home.

bariatrics: Medical field that specializes in treating overweight and obese individuals through a variety of methods, including nutrition changes, exercise programs, behavior modification and, sometimes, surgery.

basal metabolism: Based on the basal metabolism rate (BMR), this is the number of calories used when an individual is at complete rest and is generally at levels to keep all organs functioning at a healthy rate.

behavior modification: A common method of weight control or loss through the technique of tracking and changing specific habits that can lead to a healthier approach to eating.

black hat: Someone who compromises the security of a computer system without permission from an authorized party, usually with malicious intent.

Blackboard: A commonly used eLearning system which is used not only for the administration of online classes, but also for registration and scheduling purposes.

blood type diet: A diet which proposes that chemicals in food react differently within people of different blood types, and recommends eating patterns for A, AB, B and O groups.

BMR (basal metabolism rate): This is the average amount of energy required to keep the body functioning while at rest. BMR varies widely among individuals and is typically higher for men than women.

body mass index (BMI): The balance of height to weight ratio that is a relative indicator of health with regard to obesity, although not considered as reliable as hands-on testing, such as skinfold and other evaluation techniques.

body slide: A water park attraction which is usually quite high and at times very steep, on which a person slides down on their back.

broadband alarm monitoring: The use of the Internet as a primary signaling method for an alarm system.

Bus network: A complex alarm panel where the wire is a data loop around the perimeter of the area, complete with areas for the sensors devices.

bypass code: Any method, usually a numeric access code, used so that the proper owner can get past their own alarm system.

calorie: Most commonly defined as an energy unit, and when applied to food labeling, is by definition a "kilocalorie," although one kilocalorie is the equivalent of 1,000 calories. This also holds true for calorie measurements in exercises.

calorie goal: This is the level of calorie intake that helps determine how much food to eat to lose, maintain or gain weight and is based on a variety of factors including current weight, height, gender, age and daily activity levels.

car alarm: Any electronic device installed in a vehicle in an attempt to discourage theft.

carbohydrates: Starches and sugars found in foods which, if consumed in excess, may contribute to weight gain.

card enclosure: Any container that is designed for smart cards to protect the information inside from any damage.

CBL: Computer Based Learning; a term often used interchangeably with eLearning.

central station: A company that provides services to monitor burglar, fire and residential alarm systems and may provide watchmen as well as supervisory services.

certificate program: A series of classes which upon completion, qualify an individual to work in a vocation area.

cessation: A term used to describe quitting some type of habit.

Chanel: A French fashion design company whose products are often imitated by counterfeiters; also known as "House of Chanel."

chip card: See smart card.

chronograph: The time-keeping mechanism in a watch; an area one might inspect to determine the legitimacy of a possible counterfeit watch.

clasp: The mechanism for holding a watch onto the wrist; a common place where one might look for differences between a designer watch and a counterfeit one.

closed system cards: Also known as a gift card; a card purchased for a fixed amount that can only use the card at the merchant that issues the card.

co-morbidity: A term used to encompass a host of ailments that arise from or are symptoms of other diseases.

consumer demand: The market or desire for certain items. Consumer demand is considered to be the driving force behind the counterfeit business.

contactless smart card: When a smart card chip communicates with the card reader via RFID induction technology.

contact smart card: A smart card with a contact area, comprised of several gold-plated contact pads that, when inserted into a contact smart card reader, electronic information can be read.

contact smart card reader: A communication medium between a smart card and a host, such as a computer, point-of-sale terminal, or mobile telephone.

counterfeit: A product manufactured in the attempt to imitate a superior one.

cracker: Another word for someone with black hat intentions.

crockpot: A slow-cooking home appliance which can be plugged in outside to eliminate heat build-up in the kitchen.

cross-zoning: An alarm system strategy that uses multiple sensors in order to monitor activity in one area, and then advanced software analyzes input from all the sources.

cruise tour: A package deal offered by cruise lines which includes inland excursion options.

cryptographic protocol: A protocol that performs a security-related function that applies cryptographic methods.

Denali National Park: A National Park in Alaska which is open from May through September, where temperatures may range from 33°F to 75°F during that time.

department store: An upscale chain where legitimate luxury goods are typically sold.

depreciation: An accounting term which describes the decrease in value of an asset over time.

diet pills: Available in both prescription and over-the-counter forms, some may be beneficial in the short term, but most carry FDA warnings due to the unevaluated potential for various side effects and even death.

discussion board: An Internet forum; a common means for communicating information during an online class.

duress code: A code entered into an alarm that will silence the local alarm, but trigger the remote alarm to summon the police to the scene.

eating pattern: A tracking technique to determine where and how to cut calories for a weight loss or maintenance program in which a journal is often kept that can also help determine the best times to eat when initiating a new exercise regime.

Eircell: An Irish-based company that was one of the first to develop pay-as-you-go cell phones.

eLearning: A general term used to describe learning experiences enhanced by the use of computers.

encryption: Any method of transmitting information with decoding, such as in wireless networks.

Enhanced Call Verification: A way to reduce false dispatches by having central station personnel attempt to verify alarm activation.

EMV: A standard of interoperation of IC cards and IC-capable POS terminals and ATMs for the purpose of authenticating credit and debit card payments.

encryption: Any method of transmitting information with decoding, such as in smart cards.

exchange foods: Popular in many diets, this is a formula that lets individuals change up menus through substituting specific foods and quantities without sacrificing the reduced caloric intake.